Titus

first name
Titus
last name
gender
male
birth, death year
-- , --
first, last year in records
1752, 1767
confidence level
confirmed identity
freed status (year freed)
enslaved
enslaver(s)
Ashley, Jonathan;
location(s)
Deerfield, MA  
place of origin

Bio

The Reverend John and Dorothy Ashley of Deerfield, Massachusetts enslaved three people: Jin (Jenny) Cole, her son Cato, and Titus. Ashley purchased Jin and Cato in 1738. He bought Titus from the Reverend Samuel Kendall of New Salem, Massachusetts, and sold him ten years later, in 1760. Both Cato and Titus performed mainly agricultural labor. Ashley also made money by renting them out to work for other local farmers. Both men served in the French and Indian Wars (1754-1763). 

A  May 21, 1767 Deerfield church record notes that, "Titus Negro Confes'd the Sin of Stealing, Lying & disobedience to his Master." However, as there were several men in Deerfield at this time with that name, it is unclear to which Titus this entry concerns.

Primary Source Entries for Titus

Entry Source Vol Name Date entry id
Rev'd Mr. Ashley Cr by Titus & Cato 1/2 Day Cutting Wood Dr. Thomas Williams Day Book Volume 5 1759 Apr 7 1609
Rev'd Mr. Ashley Cr by Titus & Cato 1 Day Cutting Wood Dr. Thomas Williams Day Book Volume 5 1759 Apr 7 108
Titus Ashley Elihu Ashley Account Book Volume 2 1746 1843
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to Sundrys 6 0 - 2 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1753 Oct 27 2239
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 3 square needles - 1 - 3 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1753 Dec 20 2240
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr to a Broom - - 8 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Mar 23 2255
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to cash 1 - 1 - 3 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Jun 24 2242
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 19 of Rhum - 1 4 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Jun 24 2241
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by a Days Husking - 2 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Jul 11 2258
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by Bottoming a Chair - - 8 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Jul 11 2256
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by 3 Do - 2 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1754 Jul 11 2257
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 3 yds of Gartering - 1 1 . 2 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Jun 17 2247
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to Lined a handkerchief 2 8 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Jun 18 2248
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by Cash 1 1 3 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Jun 18 2259
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by bottoming 6 Chairs 4 6 2 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Jun 18 2260
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to Rhum - - 8 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Sep 15 2249
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr To Sundrys 1/2d 1 2 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1755 Dec 13 2250
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr by bottoming 2 chairs 1 - 7 - Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Feb 19 2261
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 pt Rhum / 8d - - 8. Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Feb 19 2251
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 pt Do /8d To 5 Nedles / 1/4 - - 9 - 1 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Mar 31 2243
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1/2 pt Rhum - - 5. Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Apr 21 2244
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 Jill Rhum - - 3 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Apr 26 2245
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Cr By pd simn Burt - - 11 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 May 18 2262
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 qt Do Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 May 18 2246
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to Rhum 6d - 0 6 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Aug 12 2252
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to Rhum 6d - 0 6 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1756 Sep 8 2253
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 dram 1d 1/2 Rhum 1/5 To Rhum 1/5 Elijah Williams Account Book Volume 2 1758 Mar 15 2254
Titus Ashley Dr to 1 worsted Cap .18/ Crr by Cash 8/ Elijah Williams Day Book Sept 15, 1751- Oct 15, 1753; Volume 3 1752 Apr 2017
Dan el Nash Dr to 10/ Dd Titus Ashley Elijah Williams Day Book Sept 15, 1751- Oct 15, 1753; Volume 3 1752 Apr 2018
Titus Ashley Dr to 1 point Rhum Elijah Williams Day Book Sept 15, 1751- Oct 15, 1753; Volume 3 1752 Dec 2019
Titus Negro Dr to 2 yd Red Shaloon 0.5.7.0 to 20 needles of silk 5.2 }0.6.0.2 Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1753 Oct 26 930
Titus Dr to 3 square needles Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1753 Dec 20 995
Titus Dr to 3 square needels Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1753 Dec 20 1743
Titus Ashley Dr 1 Broom 8d Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1754 Mar 23 588
Titus Mr Ashleys Negro Dr to 1 qt of Rhum Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1754 Jun 24 931
Titus Cr by bottoming a chair Elijah Williams Day Book Oct 22, 1753 - Dec 25, 1754; Volume 4 1754 Jul 22 1744
Titus Mr Ashley Dr to 3 yds of gartering @ /4 1/2 Elijah Williams Day Book Jan 11, 1755 - Nov 20, 1755; Volume 5 1755 Jun 17 715
Titus Negro Dr to a lining Handkerchief 2/8, Cr by 1/1 3/4 Elijah Williams Day Book Jan 11, 1755 - Nov 20, 1755; Volume 5 1755 Jun 18 742
Titus Ashley Negro Dr to 1 Jill of Rhum to 1/2 pint Do Elijah Williams Day Book Jan 11, 1755 - Nov 20, 1755; Volume 5 1755 Sep 15 929
Titus Ashley Dr to 1pt NE Rhum /7, to 1lb Lead /7 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1755 Dec 13 790
Titus Negrow Dr To 1 pt Rhum /8, Cr by Bottoming 2 Chairs 1/7 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1756 Feb 19 619
Titus Ashley Dr To 5 Nedles / 1 1/4 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1756 Mar 31 1835
Mr. Ashley Titus To 1 pt Rhum /8 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1756 Mar 31 589
Titus Ashley Dr to 1 Jill Rum /3 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1756 Apr 26 775
Titus Ashley Dr to 1 Jill Rhum /3 Elijah Williams Day Book Nov 21, 1755 - May 10, 1756; Volume 6 1756 Apr 26 2218
Titus Ashley Dr To 1 qt. Rhum 1/4, Cr By pd Simn Burt /11 Elijah Williams Day Book May 11, 1756 - Sept 27, 1756; Volume 7 1756 May 18 981
Simn Burt Dr To pd Titus Ashley /11 Elijah Williams Day Book May 11, 1756 - Sept 27, 1756; Volume 7 1756 May 18 529
Mr Ashley Dr To 2 pr of Red Vamps for Shoes, Cr by Titus 1 Day 2/ Elijah Williams Day Book Sept 27, 1756 - March 5, 1757; Volume 8 1756 Oct 14 1667
Mr Ashley Dr To 2 pr of Red Vamps for Shoes, Cr by Titus 1 Day 2/ Elijah Williams Day Book Sept 27, 1756 - March 5, 1757; Volume 8 1756 Oct 14 985
Titus Negro Dr. to a Dram 1 1/2 Elijah Williams Day Book Dec 14, 1757-Jan 22, 1765 1757 Mar 15 807
Titus Negro Dr to 1 qt Rhum 1/5 Elijah Williams Day Book Dec 14, 1757-Jan 22, 1765 1758 May 30 705
Titus Negro Dr to 1 qt Rhum 1/5 Elijah Williams Day Book Dec 14, 1757-Jan 22, 1765 1758 Jun 10 704
Titus Negro Dr to 1/2 Point Rhum Elijah Williams Day Book Dec 14, 1757-Jan 22, 1765 1758 Jun 14 954
Titus Negro Dr to 1 point Rhum Elijah Williams Day Book Dec 14, 1757-Jan 22, 1765 1759 Jan 11 961
Titus Negro Dr 1/2 pt Rhum 6d Elijah Williams Day Book March 7, 1757 - Oct 15, 1757; Volume 9 1757 Aug 12 978
Titus Mr Ashley Negro Cr by 7_ lb Tobacco 2/, Dr a Gill Rum /31/2 Elijah Williams Day Book March 7, 1757 - Oct 15, 1757; Volume 9 1757 Sep 7 768
[1761-1766] [Charges for tailoring and rum partly by cash and by farm labor, presumably by Cato/Titus] John Russell Account Book 1763 - 1791, Vol 1 1761 1033
[1761-1766] [Charges for tailoring and rum partly by cash and by farm labor, presumably by Cato/Titus] John Russell Account Book 1763 - 1791, Vol 1 1761 340
Feb. 1752 to 3 days thrashing of Titus Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1752 Feb 45
Titus thrashed 3 days for Ebenr Barnard Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1753 Feb 44
mowed one Day for Samuel Childs Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Aug 43
An account of Work Done for folks & what yy do for me
1755 August Titus mowed one day and raked hay another for T. Bardwell
august mowed 2 Days for Samuel Dickinson
august mowed 3 Days for Thom Dickinson
august mowed 1 day for Samuel Childs

Sept 2 mowed 1 Day for John Nims

Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Aug 42
1755 August Titus mowed one Day and raked hay another for T. Bardwell Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Aug 40
An account of Work Done for folks & what yy do for me
1755 August Titus mowed one day & raked hay another for T. Bardwell
august mowed 2 Days for Samuel Dickinson
august mowed 3 Days for Tho Dickinson
august mowed 1 Day for Samuel Childs
Sept 2 mowed 1 Day for John Nims


 

Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Aug 41
An account of Work Done for [?] [?] and what [? ? ?] mowed 1 Day for John Nims Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Sep 2 55
to Titus thrashing a Day 0-16-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Oct 13 52
to Titus and Cato thrashing half a day 0-13-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Oct 28 17
to Titus and Cato thrashing half a day 0-13-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Oct 28 53
Childs Lieut Debtor oct. 1755 to one Days work of Cato--Tuesday--Wednesday Titus & Cato 1/2 a day--Thursday Titus & Cato--friday Titus & Cato Monday Titus -2-2-2 Nov 7 to Titus thrashing a day Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Oct 54
to Titus threshing a day Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 Nov 7 51
Samuel Bardwell -1755-&6 Debtor to Titus work 2-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1755 61
to Titus thrashing 1/2 a day 0-7-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1756 Jan 46
 Jan.  Making Titus Shoes 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1756 Jan 62
to Titus 2 Days thrashing 1-10-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1756 Dec 3
to 4 Days work of Titus Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1756 66
Lt. Field - debtor to 2 Days Titus thrashing 1-10-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1756 59
to Titus a Days work 0-15-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1757 Apr 1734
Sept. 1757 Debtor to Titus a days mowing 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1757 Sep 57
to Titus Mowing a Day 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1757 63
to 3 or 4 Days Titus thrashing 2-5-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1757 58
July 1758 Abijah Prince Debtor to Brot from page 37 13-15-0
July 24 Debtor to Titus and Catos Houghing a day 1-10-0
25 to a Load of wood  0-8-0
Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1758 Jul 91
July 1758 Abijah Prince Debtor to Brot from page 37 13-15-0
July 24 Debtor to Titus and Catos Haying a day 1-10-0
25 to a Load of wood
Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1758 Jul 4
July 1758 Abijah Prince Debtor to Brot from page 37 13-15-0
July 24 Debtor to Titus and Catos Houghing a day 1-10-0
25 to a Load of wood  0-8-0
Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1758 Jul 48
to bringing my mare over - to Catos Crossing to mill to my going to the falls to Titus going to mill to Cato and Titus going to the falls to my going to Greenfield Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Mar 50
to bringing my mare over - to Catos Crossing to mill to my going to the falls to Titus going to mill to Cato and Titus going to the falls to my going to Greenfield Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Mar 5
to bringing my mare over - to Catos Crossing to mill to my going to the falls to Titus going to mill to Cato and Titus going to the falls to my going to Greenfield Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Mar 92
to Titus a Days mowing Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Jun 49
Debtor to Titus' days work 0-2-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Jul 47
to Titus and Cato Spreading flax Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 Sep 56
[Photocopied - (account of Titus's and Cato's carting of wood after Jonathan Ashley's parishoners decided they were not going to supply it. Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 20
[Photocopied - (account of Titus's and Cato's carting of wood after Jonathan Ashley's parishoners decided they were not going to supply it. Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 1759 65
Debtor to 2 Days Titus mowing 2-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 -- 60
To Titus mowing a day to pay for mowing for Mrs Stevens- at Carters land 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Records 1752-1778 -- 64
Childs Asa Debtor
1 days work of Titus Dunging in holes for planting  0-15-0
1 days work of Cato reaping oats
1 days work Titus picking Corn
1 days work Titus thrashing
1/2 a day of Titus mending fence little meadow
1 days work Cato about Hay
1 days work Cato picking Corn
1/2 a day Cato Husking
2 days Titus mowing ---
1 days work picking Corn & taking up flax
1/2 days work at thrashing 27 of act.
2 days going into ye woods to mend roads
Janry 2 days thrashings
Feb. 4 days thrashing


Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1752 Feb 11 71
Childs Asa Debtor
1 days work of Titus Dunging in holes for planting  0-15-0
1 days work of Cato reaping oats
1 days work Titus picking Corn
1 days work Titus thrashing
1/2 a day of Titus mending fence little meadow
1 days work Cato about Hay
1 days work Cato picking Corn
1/2 a day Cato Husking
2 days Titus mowing ---
1 days work picking Corn & taking up flax
1/2 days work at thrashing 27 of act.
2 days going into ye woods to mend roads
Janry 2 days thrashings
Feb. 4 days thrashing


Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1752 Feb 11 23
to 2 days thrashing of Titus  Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1752 Feb 68
Titus thrashed 3 days for Ebenr Barnard Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1753 Feb 70
oct. 13 to Titus thrashing a day 0-16-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 Oct 13 75
oct 28 to Titus & Catos husking half a day 0-13-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 Oct 28 30
oct 28 to Titus & Catos husking half a day 0-13-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 Oct 28 76
Lieut. Childs Debtor Wednesday Titus & Cato _ a day Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 33
...mending Titus shoe... Catos shoes 0-19-0 ...making Titus Shoes 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 38
Lieut. Childs Debtor Friday Titus & Cato Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 88
Debtor to Titus work 2-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 83
Lieut. Childs Debtor Thursday Titus & Cato Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 87
Lieut. Childs Debtor Wednesday Titus & Cato _ a day Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 84
Lieut. Childs Debtor Friday Titus & Cato Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 36
Lieut. Childs Debtor Thursday Titus & Cato Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 35
 ...mending Titus shoe... Catos shoes 0-19-0 ...making Titus Shoes 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 79
to 2 Days Titus Mowing 2-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1755 82
Jan. 1756 to Titus thrashing 1/2 a day 0-7-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1756 Jan 72
Lieut. Childs Debtor to 4 Days work of Titus Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1756 37
Field Lieut Debtor
1756 to 2 Days Titus thrashing 1-10-0
Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1756 78
to Titus & Cato 1 day dressing flax  1-10-0
to Titus & Cato thrashing 1 day for Shelden  1-10-0
to Titus 1 day Cutting wood  0-15-0
to Titus 2 days Sugaring  1-10-0
May 15 to Cato & 3 Cattle a Day  1-10-0
may 16 to Cato & a Horse a day  1-0-0
18 to Cato plowing a day  0-15-0
June 19 to Titus & Cato to How & a horse to harrow  1-10-0
June 10 to Titus & Cato to How & a horse to harrow  1-15-0
June 11 to Cato & Horse to How & Harrow  0-15-0
June 15 to Cato a day to How  0-15-0

June 25 debtor to Titus days Howing  0-15-0
June 30 to Cato a days Houghing  0-15-0
July 1 to Titus & Cato 1/2 a Days Houghing  0-15-0
July 29 to Titus & Catos Howing  1-10-0
August 1 to Catos pulling flax  0-15-0
august 4 to Titus mowing a day  1-0-0
Septem 4 to Titus 1/2 a day mowing  0-10-0
                                                            6-17-6
Sept 8 to half a day Titus Cutting Stalks  0-7-6
15 to Cato mowing & taking up stalks  0-10-0
20 to Titus mowing for Shelden til 2 of Clock  0-12-0
24 to Titus & the Team to  fetch hay from Carters land  0-12-0
oct 6 to Catos fetching a load of Corn from N. Fort  0-10-0
10 to Cato & the team to vring in Stalks  1-3-0
                                                                  10-12 0
oct 18 to Titus Draining a day  1-0-0
31 to Titus thrashing a day for Ww Hawks 0-15-0
Nov 22 to a Team to fetch wood 0-12-0
Decem. 27 to Titus 1/2 day killing hoggs   0-6-6
March 24 to Catos Dressing flax begin at 10 Clock  0-12-0
Catos plowing  0-15-0
                         15-12  6

 

 



Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1756 100
Samuel Dickinson acct. To Titus Mowing a Day 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1757 Jun 73
Sept 1757 Debtor to Titus a days mowing 1-0-0  Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1757 Sep 77
1757 to 3 or 4 Days Titus thrashing 2-5-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1757 80
To Titus mowing 1 day to pay for Mrs Stevens- mowing at Carters land 1-0-0 Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1758 81
Debtor on June 1759 to Titus Days mowing Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1759 Jun 74
[Ashley, now expected to get his own fire wood, lists th time Titus and Cato put into getting it. Copy herewith. (Approx. 86 loads)] Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1759 Dec 22
[Ashley, now expected to get his own fire wood, lists th time Titus and Catoput into getting it. Copy herewith. (Approx. 86 loads)] Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1759 Dec 67
[Account of Titus' farm work for local men Copy herewith.] Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1759 86
[Account of Titus' farm work for local men Copy herewith.] Jonathan Ashley Account Book Single 1759 85
Childs Lieut Debtor oct. 1755 to one Days work of Cato--Tuesday--Wednesday Titus & Cato 1/2 a day--Thursday Titus & Cato--friday Titus & Cato Monday Titus -2-2-2 Nov 7 to Titus thrashing a day Jonathan Ashley Account Book 1755 Oct 13
by Titus to hoe corn one day and half 0-12-0 Joseph Barnard Account Book Joseph Barnard Account Book 1737-1785 1745 Apr 1182
Mr Ashley Cr by Titus a Day to Cut Stalk a Day Joseph Barnard Day Book 5/1737 - 8/1785 1756 Sep 1238
Jonathon Ashley pays part of his debt to Dr. Wms by Titus mowing Hoyt's plain Source Unknown 1758 Sep 20 1603
Titus and Cato half day cutting wood Source Unknown 1759 Apr 7 1604
Titus and Cato half day cutting wood Source Unknown 1759 Apr 7 1606
to mending Titusos Shoes 0-7-0 Zadock Hawks Account Book 1757-1790 1757 Oct 1350
to souling Titus pumps 0-17-0 Zadock Hawks Account Book 1761-1780 1760 Sep 624
African Americans in Deerfield who Served in the French and Indian War/s Sheldon, George. History of Deerfield Single 1758 1573

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